Undisclosed, unmet and neglected challenges in multi-omics studies

[EN] Multi-omics approaches have become a reality in both large genomics projects and small laboratories. However, the multi-omics research community still faces a number of issues that have either not been sufficiently discussed or for which current solutions are still limited. In this Perspective, we elaborate on these limitations and suggest points of attention for future research. We finally discuss new opportunities and challenges brought to the field by the rapid development of single-cell high-throughput molecular technologies.This work has been funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation with grant number BES-2016-076994 to A.A.-L.Tarazona, S.; Arzalluz-Luque, Á.; Conesa, A. (2021). Undisclosed, unmet and neglected challenges in multi-omics studies. Nature Computational Science. 1(6):395-402. https://doi.org/10.1038/s43588-021-00086-z3954021

El Ministerio de la Química: propuesta gamificadora para la enseñanza de la Física y la Química en el tercer curso de la Educación Secundaria Obligatoria

Educació

A multi-omic study for uncovering molecular mechanisms associated with hyperammonemia-induced cerebellar function impairment in rats

[EN] Patients with liver cirrhosis may develop covert or minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Hyperammonemia (HA) and peripheral inflammation play synergistic roles in inducing the cognitive and motor alterations in MHE. The cerebellum is one of the main cerebral regions affected in MHE. Rats with chronic HA show some motor and cognitive alterations reproducing neurological impairment in cirrhotic patients with MHE. Neuroinflammation and altered neurotransmission and signal transduction in the cerebellum from hyperammonemic (HA) rats are associated with motor and cognitive dysfunction, but underlying mechanisms are not completely known. The aim of this work was to use a multi-omic approach to study molecular alterations in the cerebellum from hyperammonemic rats to uncover new molecular mechanisms associated with hyperammonemia-induced cerebellar function impairment. We analyzed metabolomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic data from the same cerebellums from control and HA rats and performed a multi-omic integrative analysis of signaling pathway enrichment with the PaintOmics tool. The histaminergic system, corticotropin-releasing hormone, cyclic GMP-protein kinase G pathway, and intercellular communication in the cerebellar immune system were some of the most relevant enriched pathways in HA rats. In summary, this is a good approach to find altered pathways, which helps to describe the molecular mechanisms involved in the alteration of brain function in rats with chronic HA and to propose possible therapeutic targets to improve MHE symptoms.This work was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación of Spain (SAF2017-82917-R) and Consellería Educación Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEOII/2014/033), co-funded with European Regional Development Funds (ERDF).Tarazona, S.; Carmona, H.; Conesa, A.; Llansola, M.; Felipo, V. (2021). A multi-omic study for uncovering molecular mechanisms associated with hyperammonemia-induced cerebellar function impairment in rats. Cell Biology and Toxicology. 37(1):129-149. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10565-020-09572-y12914937

El derecho laboral en Mexico : realidad y encubrimiento

1 archivo PDF (125 páginas)Los textos que se presentan interesan a los estudiosos del derecho porque confrontan realidad con hipótesis normativa; porque exhiben sin complicidad alguna de las conductas del Estado y de los empleadores contradiciendo los principios de un derecho laboral que tuvo pretensiones de convertirse en derecho social. En el primero de los textos, a partir del análisis del concepto de libertad, se abordan diversos condicionamientos al derecho de coalición y de huelga, acreditando las diferencias entre legitimidad y legalidad. En el segundo se analiza críticamente la requisa como figura jurídico-política utilizada por el Estado para nulificar los derechos colectivos de los trabajadores, especialmente el de huelga. Su estudio incluye, además del análisis jurídico de la figura mencionada, los términos de su aplicación en un sector laboral específico: los telefonistas. partiendo de la afirmación de que en tiempo de crisis el dominio sobre la clase trabajadora tiende a ser más sofisticado a través de nuevos instrumentos, constata y pondera la violación del marco legal en cuatro conflictos concretos, precisando en cada uno los hechos y conductas que permiten comprobar la hipótesis. Por último se cuenta la crónica de una lucha ejemplar que exhibe la actitud de las autoridades laborales y los mecanismos de intervención patronal, enfrentados a una gran energía obrera-que se toma indomable. PALABRAS CLAVE: Labor laws and legislation. Labor dispute

spongeScan: A web for detecting microRNA binding elements in lncRNA sequences.

Non-coding RNA transcripts such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important genetic regulators. However, the functions of many of these transcripts are still not clearly understood. Recently, it has become apparent that there is significant crosstalk between miRNAs and lncRNAs and that this creates competition for binding between the miRNA, a lncRNA and other regulatory targets. Indeed, various competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) have already been identified where a lncRNA acts by sequestering miRNAs. This implies the down-regulation in the interaction of the miRNAs with their mRNA targets, what has been called a sponge effect. Multiple approaches exist for the prediction of miRNA targets in mRNAs. However, few methods exist for the prediction of miRNA response elements (MREs) in lncRNAs acting as ceRNAs (sponges). Here, we present spongeScan (http://spongescan.rc.ufl.edu), a graphical web tool to compute and visualize putative MREs in lncRNAs, along with different measures to assess their likely behavior as ceRNAs